GSEB Class 7 Social Science Chapter 19 Markets – Exercise Solutions & Notes

Get GSEB Class 7 Social Science Chapter 19 Markets complete exercise solutions, question answers, important notes, types of markets, consumer rights and duties in simple English.

EXERCISE SOLUTIONS

1. Answer in one or two lines

1. What is a market?

Answer: A market is a place where buyers and sellers meet to buy and sell goods.

2. What kind of expenses are usually not incurred by the trader in the Gujri market?

Answer: Traders usually do not have to pay shop rent, electricity bills, taxes and wages to helpers.

3. Why is a controlled market required?

Answer: A controlled market protects farmers from unfair practices and helps them get fair prices for their farm products.

4. What precautions should be taken while purchasing edible items?

Answer: Check the Agmark or FSSAI logo, brand name, batch number, manufacturing date, expiry date, ingredients and packing details. Keep the bill when available.

5. Who all earn in the process of goods reaching from manufacturer to customer?

Answer: Farmers, manufacturers, traders, transporters, wholesalers, retailers and other people involved in the process earn money.

2. Answer the following point-wise

6. Describe the types of market and explain their requirements.

• Street market (Maholla Bazar): Small shops near our homes sell daily-use items such as milk, groceries, stationery, medicines, fruits and vegetables. We can buy items when needed.
• Weekly market (Gujri market): It is held on a fixed day each week. Traders set up temporary stalls and move to another place after the market day. Many daily-use goods are available together, often at lower prices.
• Shopping complex and mall: Many shops are located in one building. They sell branded and regular goods, provide customer-friendly displays, offers and different payment methods.
• Controlled market (APMC / Marketing Yard): It helps farmers sell farm produce through a more organised system. Public auctions and transparent price fixing help farmers get fair prices.
• Online market: Customers buy goods through websites or apps using a computer, mobile phone or TV. Goods are delivered to the customer’s home. Buyers should be careful about fraud.

7. Who is called a consumer? State the rights of a consumer.

A consumer is a person who buys goods or uses services for personal use. The six rights given in the chapter are:

• Right to Safety: Protection from goods and services that may harm life or health.
• Right to Information: To get necessary details about goods and services before buying.
• Right to Choose: To choose from different goods and services.
• Right to Representation: To raise concerns before the Consumer Protection Board and protect consumer interests.
• Grievance Redressal Right: To seek compensation for defective goods, poor services or fraud.
• Right to Consumer Education: To gain knowledge to become an informed consumer.

8. What precautions should a consumer take while shopping? Explain.

• Ask for and keep the bill; check the GST bill details where applicable.
• Check the ISI mark on electrical appliances and other goods where required.
• Buy gold and silver jewellery with a Hallmark and insist on a proper bill.
• For food items, check the Agmark or FSSAI logo, brand, batch number, manufacturing date, expiry date, ingredients and packaging.
• Buy medicines according to a prescription when required and check manufacturing and expiry dates.
• Check the fabric, colour, stitching, size and measurements before buying clothes.
• At a petrol pump or gas station, check the meter and quantity; follow safety instructions for cooking gas.
• Read insurance policy terms and keep original documents safely.
• Avoid unnecessary purchases and do not trust every sale, gift coupon or reward offer. Report fraud to help protect others.

9. Describe the production process of clothes.

Cotton seeds are planted and the cotton crop grows. Cotton is plucked and stored, then sold in a market yard. The cotton is taken to a ginning mill, where seeds are separated. Cotton is sent to a spinning mill to make yarn. The yarn is woven into cloth, dyed and finished. The cloth is cut into pieces, stitched into garments, packed and sent to shops or showrooms. Finally, customers buy the clothes.

3. State whether the statements are True or False

10. Big shopkeepers get employment in the Gujri Market.

Answer: False (✗)

11. A trader who sells goods in bulk is called a retailer.

Answer: False (✗) – A trader who sells goods in bulk is called a wholesaler.

12. The consumer has a right to make representation to the Consumer Protection Board to protect the rights and interests of the consumer.

Answer: True (✓)

4. Recognize me (certification marks)

• ISI: Standard mark for specified industrial products, including many electrical appliances.
• FSSAI: Food safety and standards mark/identification for food-related products and businesses.
• Woolmark: Mark associated with wool products.
• AGMARK: Quality certification for agricultural products.
• Non-vegetarian food symbol: Red/brown symbol used to identify non-vegetarian packaged food.

5. Fill in the blanks

13. A market which is held on a specific day is called ______ market.

Answer: Weekly

14. Public auction of farmers’ farm produce takes place in ______.

Answer: A controlled market / marketing yard (APMC)

15. Gold-silver jewellery should be purchased with the ______ mark.

Answer: Hallmark

16. ______ is a raw material for the production of cloth.

Answer: Cotton

17. The whole world is a ______ in the present time.

Answer: Single market

 

IMPORTANT CHAPTER NOTES

 

1. Meaning of Market

A market is a place where buyers and sellers meet to buy and sell goods. Many items such as vegetables, fruits, grains, clothes, books, medicines and electronic goods are sold in markets.

2. Types of Market

• Street market (Maholla Bazar): Small shops near our homes sell daily-use items such as milk, groceries, stationery, medicines, fruits and vegetables. We can buy items when needed.
• Weekly market (Gujri market): It is held on a fixed day each week. Traders set up temporary stalls and move to another place after the market day. Many daily-use goods are available together, often at lower prices.
• Shopping complex and mall: Many shops are located in one building. They sell branded and regular goods, provide customer-friendly displays, offers and different payment methods.
• Controlled market (APMC / Marketing Yard): It helps farmers sell farm produce through a more organised system. Public auctions and transparent price fixing help farmers get fair prices.
• Online market: Customers buy goods through websites or apps using a computer, mobile phone or TV. Goods are delivered to the customer’s home. Buyers should be careful about fraud.

3. Wholesaler and Retailer

A wholesaler buys goods in large quantities from farms, factories or producers and sells them to shopkeepers. A retailer sells goods in smaller quantities directly to customers. Both are part of the journey of goods from producer to consumer.

4. Equality in the Market

Small shopkeepers often invest less money and may earn less profit, while large shops and malls can invest more and may earn more. Not every customer can afford costly goods. A person’s financial situation can affect which market they use. The chapter also asks us to help needy people selling goods because of poverty or financial difficulty.

5. Consumer and Consumer Rights

A consumer buys goods or uses services for personal use. The chapter lists six rights:

• Safety: Protection from harmful goods and services.
• Information: Correct information about goods and services.
• Choice: Freedom to choose from available products.
• Representation: Right to raise concerns and protect interests.
• Grievance redressal: Right to seek compensation for damage, defective goods, poor services or fraud.
• Consumer education: Right to learn how to make informed choices.

6. Duties and Precautions of Consumers

• Ask for and keep the bill; check the GST bill details where applicable.
• Check the ISI mark on electrical appliances and other goods where required.
• Buy gold and silver jewellery with a Hallmark and insist on a proper bill.
• For food items, check the Agmark or FSSAI logo, brand, batch number, manufacturing date, expiry date, ingredients and packaging.
• Buy medicines according to a prescription when required and check manufacturing and expiry dates.
• Check the fabric, colour, stitching, size and measurements before buying clothes.
• At a petrol pump or gas station, check the meter and quantity; follow safety instructions for cooking gas.
• Read insurance policy terms and keep original documents safely.
• Avoid unnecessary purchases and do not trust every sale, gift coupon or reward offer. Report fraud to help protect others.

7. Common Certification Marks

• ISI: Specified industrial products and appliances.
• Hallmark: Gold and silver jewellery.
• Woolmark: Wool products.
• Agmark: Agricultural products.
• FSSAI: Food safety identification.
• Green dot: Vegetarian packaged food.
• Red/brown dot: Non-vegetarian packaged food.

8. Journey of Cotton to Clothes

18. Farmers plant cotton seeds and grow the crop.
19. Ripe cotton is plucked and stored.
20. The cotton is sold in a marketing yard, often through an auction.
21. A trader buys it and sells it to a ginning mill.
22. The ginning mill separates cotton fibres from seeds. The seeds may be sold for oil and oil cake.
23. Cotton fibres go to a spinning mill, where they are made into yarn.
24. The yarn goes to a textile mill and is woven into cloth.
25. The cloth is dyed and finished.
26. The cloth is cut and stitched into shirts, pants and other garments.
27. Garments are packed and transported to shops or showrooms.
28. Retailers sell the garments to customers.

9. Important Terms

• Market: A place where buyers and sellers exchange goods.
• Consumer: A person who buys goods or uses services for personal use.
• Wholesaler: A trader who buys and sells goods in large quantities.
• Retailer: A trader who sells goods directly to customers.
• APMC: Agricultural Produce Market Committee; helps organise the sale of farm produce.
• Public auction: A method of selling in which buyers offer prices.
• Certification mark: A mark that helps identify whether a product meets a particular standard.

10. Quick Revision

• A weekly market is held on a fixed day.
• APMC marketing yards help farmers sell produce more fairly.
• A wholesaler sells in bulk; a retailer sells to customers.
• Consumers have six rights: Safety, Information, Choice, Representation, Grievance Redressal and Consumer Education.
• Check food labels and quality marks before buying food.
• Hallmark is associated with gold and silver jewellery.
• Cotton is a raw material used to make cloth.
• Goods pass through many people before reaching the customer; each may earn from the process.
• Online shopping is convenient, but buyers should be careful about fraud.